Life Timeline of Richard's Life

War Artist...

1939 to 1949

1943

Diary

Diary extracts for Jun to July 1943

1st Jun 1943:

Elected a member of the New English Art Club

I hope this club will improve its standards and encourage the younger generation.

9th Jul 1943:

Started painting of German merchant vessel on fire off Dutch coast (30x40)

It may prove rather exciting.

13th Jul 1943:

I made bases for puppet heads to be fixed to for the show being organised at Harpenden of work by past and present Georgians [Richard's old boarding school].

17th Jul 1943:

Harpenden show opened by Sir Kenneth Clark

A good crowd there . . . a chap called Heron with his CO [consciencious objector] son, a painter, watching the cricket match. [The son was the painter Patrick Heron]

19th Jul 1943:

Travelled to Harwich and joined Lt Keddie on board the Cattistock. To Sheerness. HMS Nigeria arrived there. Later sailed to join as escort a convoy of 20 ships. Arrived at Portsmouth where he joined a coaster and back on land caught the train home.

Resignation of Mussolini

Diary

Diary extracts for August 1943

12th Aug 1943:

Opening of new room at National Gallery.

Met Anthony Gross for 1st time.

On to Dorking to see Schiff who gave him his translation of the last volume of the Proust twelve volume novel [which had been left incomplete following the early death of Scott Moncrieff]

14th Aug 1943:

Vivien [Mavis's oldest friend] told by police she has to leave . . . this is a restricted area, no visitors.

16th Aug 1943:

Raid last night. 6 out of 25 planes brought down

Began picking apples, a good crop.

18th Aug 1943:

A lot of unpleasantness in the press over Russia not being represented at the talks in Quebec.

[Old family friend] Nellie (working at Netley hospital)came over on ferry showing her military identity card to gain admittance.

31st Aug 1943:

To Admiral Pipon at Southampton for a pass to the docks

Wandered round Portsmouth docks:

. . . at least half a dozen submarines being repaired, a destroyer and cruiser of Leander class in dry dock. Many small craft too.

Diary

Diary extracts for Sep to October 1943

8th Sep 1943:

Italy has surrendered unconditionally (actually on the 3rd but not made public on the day)

16th Sep 1943:

Caroline furious because she can’t ride a tricycle!

23rd Sep 1943:

Mavis suggested that the sea in the long convoy picture ought to have more surface. So I worked all day at it , and it looked frightful. We both looked at it and said “How awful!” and so I took a rag and wiped it all off! Most disheartening.

24th Sep 1943:

Caroline feeding herself with a spoon, not bad, but is furious if we try to help her.

7th Oct 1943:

Worked seven hours on Convoy picture (30x50).

8th Oct 1943:

Russians have crossed the Dneiper in 3 places and announce an offensive on the whole front!

16th Oct 1943:

Started painting of brandy glass (containing ginger wine) and four apples (Finished on the 18th)

22nd Oct 1943:

Private View of the NEAC

By far the best picture was “The Dream” by Evelyn Dunbar

27th Oct 1943:

27 October

Painted small picture of red engine in a country station for Paul Bielby for Christmas. A great success with Crispin who says it is the best painting I have done. This gives rise to an idea. Throughout the winter it would be a good corrective to paint a number of small paintings for children, and suggest a show at the Redfern Gallery.

5 November

Painting small picture. The Gentle Okapi.

7 November

Painting ‘Lullaby my Sweet Little Baby’ and finished ‘Teddybear at the Dinner Table’.

Diary

Diary extracts for November 1943 to January 1944

3rd Nov 1943:

Went up to London to the cocktail party to meet some American painters. Quite enjoyable. The Americans knew my first Dunkirk painting very well. They were much amused at Sir Kenneth Clark telling them I painted all my war pictures never having seen anything.

11th Nov 1943:

Went up to meet Canadian War Artists at Vincent Massey’s flat at the Dorchester Hotel. Had a good time there. Mrs Massey a charming woman. Pitchforth, Lamb and Barnett Freedman there . . . 

12th Nov 1943:

We decided we will have another baby. Mavis wants another girl. She says she gets a bit tired of tanks.

1st Jan 1944:

Sir Edwin Lutyens died. Sir Edward Maufe said he is ‘the greatest architect since Wren.’

1st Jan 1944:

Painting ‘Fortresses over Southampton’ (30x40)

3rd Jan 1944:

Started ‘Bombardment of Salerno’ by battleships Howe and George V (30x50) High key and bright colour

[unknown date]:

Bombardment at Salerno

Well, it was when the allied forces were landing in south Italy that a covering bombardment from the sea was made by capital ships: they asked me would I try to do it.

This is a very difficult thing because bombardments like that take [place over] so many miles that not very much was visible actually. But I did something imaginative with it. When the shell left the guns of the ship, the vacuum caused by the shell going through the air may have been invisible, I don’t know, but I tried to make something of it.

7th Jan 1944:

Had a nice letter from Victor Pasmore congratulating me on my ‘Portsmouth (with Revenge leaving)’. I am rather surprised at this.

1944

Diary

Diary extracts for Feb to March 1944

13th Feb 1944:

Decided on St George’s [Richard's old boarding School] as a school for Crispin. (Béchervaise is headmaster)

29th Feb 1944:

Saw Rex at the Redfern . .  I showed him some of the paintings for children, he likes them but doesn’t want them at the Gallery as they would only sell!

29th Feb 1944:

Dennis Brain playing the horn in Brahms Horn Trio at NG lunch time concert

RA elections

Gerald Kelly said he had bought little thatching picture and had hung it at the Churchill Club.

Edward Maufe said he had bought my painting of Mousehole done a couple of years ago.

2nd Mar 1944:

National Gallery exhibition of paintings by war artists.

Had quite a talk with Sir Kenneth Clark who was more affable than usual, said he liked my work and he said how much he liked my painting of ‘Grock’ and the prodigal son transcription. Sutherland and his wife there, had a chat with them . . . 

A curious coincidence: at Zwemmers' [art book shop] to pay for ‘How to Draw Ships’ for Jasper Kay, found John Kay there purchasing ‘How to Draw Horses for Shirley!’ [John Kay, husband of Richard's sister Guendolen]

30th Mar 1944:

Worked all day to finish the painting of the wreck of the Herzogin Cecilie (30x40) Want to send it to the RA.

31st Mar 1944:

To London with ‘Bombardment of Salerno’, ‘Fortresses over Southampton’, to Admiralty. ‘Night Raid on Portsmouth’ to the RA. Tried to find frame for ‘Cecilie

Diary

Diary extracts for Apr to May 1944

8th Apr 1944:

The coastal ban comes into force tonight. [in anticipation of D-Day preparations]

20th Apr 1944:

RA elections

We spiked Gunn with a Spear!

26th Apr 1944:

2 raids in the night, the 2nd one seemed to be over Portsmouth. Heavy firing and some thuds which shook the house violently, evidently bombs. Fortunately the children slept through it and we did not take them downstairs.

28th Apr 1944:

RA  Private View

Went up with Mavis. Spoke to Laura Knight, Kelly, Frank Dobson, LeBas , Gooden etc.

Taxi to catch the last ferry which now goes from the floating bridge.

2nd May 1944:

Crispin to St George’s

except for a short argument at the gate and a few tears I think all was well.

5th May 1944:

The 2 battleships Revenge and Resolution left the new docks this afternoon after having been there several months

19th May 1944:

Still working on the painting of the torpedoing of the Tirpitz

22nd May 1944:

To Selsey with Commanders Kimmins and Moore to see the subject to be painted: Mulberry Harbour for the landings in Normandy.

[unknown date]:

. . . That is the Mulberry harbour being assembled at Southsea Bill, prior to D-Day which took place about a fortnight after I was down there. It was very interesting. They wouldn’t tell me what it was for, but they took me out in a duck. It was most extraordinary. It was like a lot of factories standing up out of the water. I had some pretty plain idea what it was. And it was eventually towed across to Normandy of course, where it became an artificial harbour for our landing craft to go into to land. It was certainly one of the most extraordinary things of the war.

Diary

Diary extracts for June 1944

4th Jun 1944:

Mavis to have taken Mrs Garraway to hospital today, but she had gassed herself. She left a note: apparently had thought of this way out before.

5th Jun 1944:

Rome has fallen to us today.

6th Jun 1944:

Started work on Invasion Preparations (30x50) Everything very quiet here! No restrictions.

12th Jun 1944:

Churchill visited France for the 1st time in 4 years to the day. Germans in Italy in full retreat. Russian offensive on the Finnish Front . . .

12th Jun 1944:

Working all day. Eyes none too good.

16th Jun 1944:

Germans starting to use pilotless aircraft

16th Jun 1944:

Painting all day.

22nd Jun 1944:

Sent off Toby the bear to Crispin (Béchervaise said he could have him)

24th Jun 1944:

Doodlebug attack at 6.30 in the morning:

I got up to see if I could see it, but couldn’t. Then the engine cut out! So I got away from the windows. There was a hell of a loud crack, not a crump, and looking out saw smoke rising somewhere in the Dibden fields direction. No windows broken with us, but other people have. But my studio door blown open even though locked, and one window which was latched, and things lying about all over the shop. It seems the studio must have been lifted up in the middle as the lock was not wrenched. The larder door blown open, and the window which was open, shut!

26th Jun 1944:

Moved Caroline’s cot to under the stairs as there are so many alerts . . .

Painting all day but tired from lack of sleep.

Rain after long drought!

D-Day

Diary

Diary extracts for July 1944

1st Jul 1944:

Mavis made the grueling journey to visit Crispin who “is doing very nicely.”

10th Jul 1944:

Caen has been captured. Vilna reached by the Russians.

12th Jul 1944:

Commander Dillon Robertson advised Richard to stay on an ammunition ship in Portsmouth as the only way to get to Normandy (‘what! with doodle bugs about!’) Went on one of the ships in the Solent.

13th Jul 1944:

Spent night on HMS Enterprise. Captain Groves very helpful with regard to the bombardment on D-Day etc.

13th Jul 1944:

'D-Day, Reconstruction' triptych

. . .  it’s very difficult to do a thing of D-Day. I made a sort of triptych of it. The centre portion is about 9 feet and depicts men running ashore on Normandy beach. And the side pictures which are smaller, though the depth is the same, depict a bombardment from the sea, the initial bombardment which covered the landing, and the one the other side is the destruction of Caen and places like that, which had to be unfortunately, for the troops to make an advance and to liberate Paris.

[unknown date]:

Towards the end of the war Richard was on a destroyer which was escorting troops possibly into Boulogne.

But the seas were so terrible the captain of the destroyer . . .  couldn’t get the troops in and they had to anchor off the downs in very rough weather. 

Richard was the only one not seasick.

I was up early and went down into the galley where we had our breakfast and the steward said  . . . 'Do you think you could possibly take a cup of coffee to the captain who’s up on the bridge?’ I said ‘Well, I’ll certainly try.'

I wondered . . . how on earth can I keep this from spilling? Anyway I climbed up ladders and got onto the deck and had to hold onto the rattling lines. And I’d still got this cup of coffee which was full when I got to the top.

. . . the door opened of the chart room where the captain was with his batman. And I said ‘Here’s a cup of coffee for you sir.’ And the batman took it and immediately spilt it all over the charts.

I didn’t take another cup of coffee up, I thought it was enough.

25th Jul 1944:

Brought Crispin back home (end of term)

Diary

Diary extracts for August 1944

8th Aug 1944:

Crispin has chicken pox!

20th Aug 1944:

Went on board HMS Vanquisher for the night. All very matey and pleasant. A lot of conversation.

21st Aug 1944:

Went out in ship’s motor boat to look at the ship with a view to painting her for her captain.

23rd Aug 1944:

Paris liberated

. . . all Frenchmen must be feeling grand, particularly as they themselves have achieved it and are doing wonders in their uprising all over France.

Diary entries from the end of August 1944 until the end of 1945 are missing.

Richard's parents lived in a cottage near by in The New Forest. From late summer 1944 on through the autumn and winter they both became very ill and Richard spent quite a lot of time helping look after them. Mavis was heavily pregnant with their daughter Joanna.

Daughter Joanna born.

Commissions and Change

1945 to 1955

 

Richard's 'Paintings for Children' show at the Redfern Gallery opened in April 1945, right on the heels of the family tragedies in February and March.

He thought that making paintings with children in mind might help reinvigorate his imagination - 'I had always wanted to indulge in free fantasy and humour occasionally and this seemed to me a good way of liberating it besides giving a freedom and opening up ideas in my serious work.'

Richard was feeling exhausted. He wanted "a slight change after four or five years of painting at really considerable tension . . . I think perhaps the need for certain exactness in the war paintings, in spite of the imaginative ones that I did, began to pall on me to a certain extent  . . . I think I wanted things to be more imaginative but I hadn’t seen my way to it . . . various family things had happened like my father dying and a small baby daughter dying within a few weeks of each other, and I felt a change somehow was necessary . . . and I did change.

Richard's efforts were rewarded: "I think almost every one . . . was sold".

As the War staggered to an end, Richard felt the tension drain away and a new energy emerge where he would not have to work with such accuracy and let his imagination roam free! However there was the small matter of having to earn a living. He was fortunate in that the war work had built him a reputation, and he was in demand, but he now faced a stream of commissions most of which entailed the same degree of accuracy and truth to detail he was hoping to move away from.

First amongst these commissions, one that occupied him for six months, was the knighting of the provost of Eton on the chapel steps by King George VI. The event had already taken place in March 1945. A little while later Colonel Astor on behalf of the Old Etonians asked him if he would paint the occasion. Five hundred pounds had been raised towards the project. Richard duly visited the provost and at some point also visited the Queen and princesses at Windsor Castle to make notes about their dresses and have lunch with them.

It was a gruelling commission and he had to imagine the event. He managed to lighten the task by including a few mischievous choirboys in the crowd of two hundred: 'I introduced quite a number of humorous things in it, like a small boy with a catapult in the front row, for instance, who was being restrained by some other boys, and one or two Etonian hats that were being knocked off. None of this was objected to, I’m very glad to say, by the officials or Royalty.’

Meanwhile in January he had received a commission from Kenneth Harrison for two pictures of King’s College, Cambridge to occupy him in the summer. Nevertheless his diary shows that through March he somehow was painting his own ideas from imagination and trying to shed the habit of tight realistic detail: 'I find I may be too much occupied with technical problems and must broaden out. Try to get the feeling of wonder, how else can one expect to move a beholder if not moved oneself?'

The Eton picture was finally displayed at the RA at the end of April 1946 where it was spotted by Vincent Massey, the Canadian High Commissioner and chair of the Tate's board of governors. Massey had been at Balliol College Oxford, and wanted a painting to fit a specific wall in the college which was to show the quad during wartime when servicemen and women came there for short study periods. As in the Eton picture, a few formal portraits were required which Richard always found difficult.

But on June 1st, 1946 the Mayor of Westminster rang Richard to ask him to paint the ceremony where Churchill was given the freedom of Westminster. This wasn’t finished until the end of March 1947 and he had found it a hard and unsatisfying slog. The end of September finds him working on the painting in London to improve the portraits and then finally varnishing it on the 8th October.
Back on 4th March, Philippa was born: the 2nd anniversary of the death of Joanna. Six months later Mavis fell out of the loft, breaking her elbow in many places and in hospital for a week. Crispin was old enough to stay at home but various neighbours took the girls for a few weeks.

In November, free from commissions for a while, Richard painted with a renewed confidence. On 1st January 1948 having been paid for the Balliol picture Richard noted: ‘I can work all this year on my own which I haven’t done for about 8 years. The interior of King's College Chapel is the only job I have in front of me.’

However, when he took his recent pictures up to the Redfern in March they were greeted with less than enthusiasm: 'What I can’t understand is that they say the development is surprising. I am quite unaware of it and can’t see what the difficulty is. They seem to think in the atomic age everyone must do abstract work! But what reasoning there is behind this I don’t know. It seems to me to be a shelter for the incompetent and shallow-minded.’ Later he admitted that he liked some abstract art but was angry at the assumption that there was no room for anything else.

In June, Richard's old friend H.H. Newton offered to pay for a new studio for him. Later in the year he met up with another friend Leonard Daniels who had recently been made head of Camberwell School of Art. Leonard offered him a job there teaching one day a week. It wasn’t until the following year when he suggested two days a week that it became a viable option given the cost of travel and income tax. With a family of three children the cost of living was becoming more of a problem.

In March 1949 Richard had another show at the Redfern but only sold four pictures. However the following month the artist Robert Buhler wrote to him saying his work at the RA summer show was much admired:' He also says the general feeling among the painters is that it was refreshing to see someone working in their own way.’

In late September Richard spent three days in Yorkshire, staying in Malham, exploring Gordale Scar and the Cove: 'Looking down into the Cove, had the most frightening sensation of being sucked in, and retreated at once.’  Several paintings were subsequently based on the sketches done there. On September 23rd he wrote, "To Gordale Scar in the morning and made a drawing at the bottom looking up through the watercourse. A long upright panel might be made interesting" [Gordale Scar(1950)].  On the 26th he started teaching at Camberwell.

1945

Richard's father, Dr Eurich, dies.

Baby daughter Joanna dies of meningitis.

Diary

Diary extracts for April 1945 to January 1946

1945:

Offered a private commission which led to several others after the war

Suddenly, when I was still in uniform I got a telegram saying a Colonel Astor from The Times wanted to see me. At his London office he said, 'The Old Etonians very much want to have a painting made. You know . . . that recently King George VI knighted the Provost of Eton on the chapel steps? And we rather thought that we would like a painting of this performance. I’m sorry that you weren’t there and we didn’t think of it before. But we wondered whether you could do it.

I said, 'Yes, well certainly it would be all right. And what sort of facilities could be given to me?’ And he said ‘Well, you can go down to Eton. I will give you a note to the provost and he will be awfully nice to you - that’s Sir Henry Marten.’ And I discovered that he was being knighted because he was the tutor to our present Queen, who was then Princess Elizabeth. He was very nice to me. And he showed me the windows where I could go up and get the best view to make drawings which I have still. But of course I had to do a lot from imagination.

8th May 1945:

VE Day - Victory in Europe - the end of the war with Germany.

2nd Sep 1945:

End of the war with Japan.

1st Jan 1946:

1 January

Painting Eton College picture (40x50) Knighting of the Provost by the King on the chapel steps. The architecture has occupied me for 2 months. Started on the statue today.

1st Jan 1946:

1st of a dozen lessons to the Cameron boys at Butts Ash.

2nd Jan 1946:

Cheque arrives for 12 gns from BBC for his talk in November on the  Northern Programme for the series”Born and Bred”.

Painting all day . . . very cold in outside studio.

3rd Jan 1946:

Vivien Cutting and Mavis went into Southampton to shop, but found them quite denuded. There seems to be nothing to buy at all.

3rd Jan 1946:

Painting the figures in Eton picture

so now have a couple of months of hard labour in front of me.

4th Jan 1946:

Painting in the morning. In the afternoon made a start making Crispin’s ERF lorry (all wood). We differed a great deal as to how it should be made! Which makes progress somewhat slow.

5th Jan 1946:

In the afternoon went on with the lorry, but didn’t get far. We first tried making mudguards from coffee tins and found it unsatisfactory. So then steamed some very thin 3-ply and will hope for the best.

5th Jan 1946:

Cracknore Hard to see shipping

3 aircraft carriers, a large American liner and Île de France etc

5th Jan 1946:

Eton painting

Started the figures below the chapel, they are going to be a terrific job.

12th Jan 1946:

Finished making a wooden ERF lorry for Crispin. Made a trailer for it the next day.

12th Jan 1946:

Eton painting

put in the boys hanging on to the railings round the statue.

[unknown date]:

Eton painting

I introduced quite a number of humorous things in it, like a small boy with a catapult in the front row, for instance, who was being restrained by some other boys, and one or two Etonian hats that were being knocked off. None of this was objected to, I’m very glad to say, by the officials or Royalty.

 

17th Jan 1946:

Stopped at Eton to look at my subject. Mavis remarked that it looked ‘older’ than in my painting. I feel this too. The job of getting the old weathered feeling from memory is difficult. Perhaps I have got it a bit on the hot side.

17th Jan 1946:

Taking Crispin back to St George’s.

21st Jan 1946:

Reading ‘The Small Back Room’ by Nigel Balchin.

22nd Jan 1946:

Mavis to Dibden as she is the Welfare Officer for the Landgirls.

Crispin’s letter: has settled down. The boys liked his lorry and he gave a magic lantern show.

22nd Jan 1946:

Sir Henry Marten Provost of Eton ready for a sitting 

23rd Jan 1946:

New Penguin books on Pasmore and Burra came.

I am sorry that Clive Bell wrote on Pasmore, it is shockingly written and stupid throughout. One or two of the paintings are splendid.

John Rothenstein writes a very good foreword on Burra. I think some of these paintings are magnificent, and others full of mannerisms and cheapness. But he certainly is a remarkable chap.

29th Jan 1946:

Depressed, as the perspective in the Eton picture appears incurably wrong, partly owing to the crushing together of the actual perspective. The large uninteresting space in the foreground looks like being troublesome too.

 

30th Jan 1946:

Letter from Kenneth Harrison, Don of King's College Cambridge asking me to go and paint for him 2 moderate size pictures in the Summer for 400gns!

These funny surprises always get under my ribs. I still can’t understand anyone wanting to part with filthy lucre for my paintings, particularly on such a scale.

31st Jan 1946:

Oliver Warner at the Admiralty asks him to see him about a commission to do “The Painted Hall” at Greenwich.

I feel now that I shall have to refuse this commission.

Thought of another painting I would like to do “The Man with a Sword” full-length nude.

Started painting the architecture of the Eton commission

1946

Diary

Diary extracts for February 1946

5th Feb 1946:

The garden needs some thought.

The Food crisis in the world seems to call for more effort than hitherto, and yet people don’t seem to be making it.

5th Feb 1946:

Another letter from K. Harrison saying if I wanted to spread myself he might go to 500 gns!”

9th Feb 1946:

Caroline’s 4th birthday tea with 4 other children.

I found afterwards that Mavis had been balancing lighted candles on her upper lip to amuse the kids!

10th Feb 1946:

A fox has got two of our hens, curse it!

11th Feb 1946:

Letter from Crispin

. . . he enclosed some funny drawings for Caroline. And a splendid one of two boys with the parts of a lorry in a field, hens and garage and trees etc. all most convincing. It is an illustration to a story we are writing.

19th Feb 1946:

To Eton - boys just coming out of chapel and the provost still having breakfast

Couple of hours working at windows of upper school. Saw hoods and cassocks for colour and made a sketch of the provost himself.

 

21st Feb 1946:

Painting foreground of Eton picture. This space is difficult to fill with nothing but dull colour and texture.

22nd Feb 1946:

Started painting the figures on the chapel steps, starting at the top. It seems almost impossible to make portraits from such tiny photographs. It looks as though Indian Red will just about meet the requirements of the cassocks against the grey stone.

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